Open-source alternatives to Linux Kernel Module Cheat

seL4 is a formally verified microkernel whose C implementation is backed by machine-checked mathematical proofs of correctness, confidentiality, integrity, and availability. It enforces strict isolation between processes through hardware-enforced address space separation and a capability-based access control system, where each process holds explicit rights only to the resources it has been granted. The kernel exposes hardware resources through a minimal API of system calls that manage threads, address spaces, and inter-process communication, with synchronous IPC supporting sender-identifying b

embedded-notes is a collection of technical study guides and development notes focused on embedded Linux, Linux kernel internals, and C programming. It serves as a reference for embedded systems development and a preparation resource for technical interviews in the field. The project provides detailed documentation on writing device drivers, managing virtual memory, and understanding kernel internals. It also includes guides on IoT network protocols, such as MQTT and TCP/IP, and outlines the architectural details of chip architectures and hardware peripherals. The material covers a broad sur

xv6 is a Unix-like educational operating system designed for teaching kernel concepts. It is implemented as an instructional kernel for x86 and RISC-V architectures, featuring a virtual memory manager and support for symmetric multiprocessing. The system is designed to demonstrate core OS principles through a simplified re-implementation of Unix Version 6. It provides a controlled environment for studying system calls, trap handling, and process lifecycles. Its capability surface covers process management, including scheduling and context switching, and memory management via page tables for

Redox is a POSIX-compliant, microkernel-based operating system written entirely in Rust. By utilizing a memory-safe language for the kernel and all system components, the project eliminates common vulnerabilities such as buffer overflows and use-after-free errors. Its architecture relies on a minimal kernel that manages only essential hardware and process isolation, delegating all other system services to unprivileged user-space processes. The system distinguishes itself through a modular design where hardware drivers and system services run as independent user-space daemons, allowing them to

python-build-standalone is a toolchain designed to produce redistributable Python executables across multiple operating systems and hardware architectures. It generates standalone Python binaries that can be distributed to users without requiring a pre-installed system interpreter. The project manages the end-to-end process of cross-platform compilation using target triples and containerized environments to ensure consistent binary output. It includes a distribution pipeline that automates the generation of build matrices and the uploading of compiled artifacts to public release pages and mir

This project is an educational framework and toolkit designed for developing and testing operating system kernels. It provides a structured environment for implementing fundamental system primitives, including virtual memory management, preemptive process scheduling, and filesystem organization, using Rust and C. The framework is specifically oriented toward RISC-V and x86 architectures, serving as a laboratory for learning how to build core system software from the ground up. The project distinguishes itself by supporting both bare-metal deployment and hardware emulation, allowing developers

This project provides a development framework for writing loadable Linux kernel modules using the Rust programming language. It establishes a methodology for safe systems programming by enforcing memory and thread safety within the restricted execution environment of the kernel, allowing developers to extend operating system functionality while preventing common memory corruption errors. The framework distinguishes itself through automated generation of type-safe foreign function interfaces, which bridge high-level code with low-level kernel headers and system structures. It maps high-level s

ReactOS is an open-source operating system designed to be binary compatible with Windows applications and drivers. It consists of a low-level system kernel that manages hardware resources and a binary compatibility layer that enables the execution of software designed for the Windows binary interface. The project implements a cross-platform build system and toolchain for compiling and deploying bootable operating system images across different hardware architectures. This includes the use of cross-compilation toolchains and a hardware-abstraction layer to support various processor and motherb

The Linux kernel is a monolithic operating system core that manages hardware resources, memory, and process scheduling across diverse computing architectures. It provides a standardized, POSIX-compliant environment for application execution while maintaining a modular driver framework that allows for the dynamic loading and removal of hardware interfaces. The project is distinguished by its high-performance concurrency toolkit, which utilizes lockless synchronization primitives and read-copy-update mechanisms to manage shared data access in multi-core environments. It incorporates a comprehen

This project is a bare-metal operating system developed for ARM64 architecture. It serves as a low-level implementation of kernel engineering, focusing on the fundamental construction of an OS from the hardware level up. The system is distinguished by its comprehensive approach to ARM64 processor control, featuring a red-black tree task scheduler and a hierarchical page table system for virtual memory management. It implements a sophisticated privilege model that handles transitions between kernel and user modes, ensuring process isolation through address space splitting and exception level m

This project is a suite of basic command line utilities rewritten in Rust, providing a cross-platform implementation of POSIX shell utilities. It serves as a portable CLI toolset designed to run across different operating systems and architectures. The implementation includes a WebAssembly shell environment, which allows these essential command line tools to be executed directly within a web browser without requiring a local installation. The toolset covers a broad range of system capabilities, including filesystem operations, text processing and stream editing, and system administration too

mobile-ffmpeg provides a framework for mobile multimedia processing, allowing Android, iOS, and tvOS applications to execute video and audio transcoding and filtering tasks. It enables the integration of pre-compiled binaries into mobile projects to avoid manual cross-compilation for different hardware architectures. The project supports cross-platform compilation and the integration of third-party codecs and external libraries. It provides a mechanism to deploy universal binaries across multiple operating systems and different CPU architectures. The toolset covers media metadata analysis, r

This project is a tutorial and framework for building a low-level, bare-metal operating system from scratch using the Rust language. It focuses on ARMv8 kernel development specifically for the Raspberry Pi 3, providing the resources necessary to implement a monolithic kernel that runs directly on hardware without an underlying operating system. The project distinguishes itself by providing a complete embedded cross-compilation suite within a containerized environment to ensure consistent builds. It includes a dedicated kernel deployer that uses a serial interface and chainloader to load and b

Flex is a scanner generator and lexical analyzer generator that transforms regular expression definitions into software capable of converting input text into tokens. It primarily generates C and C++ source code for use in the development of compilers and interpreters. The tool provides a specific generator for producing object-oriented scanner implementations as classes, allowing lexical analysis tools to integrate directly into C++ software projects. It also includes a cross-compilation toolchain to build scanner implementations for target platforms different from the host machine. The proj

This project is an open source Linux GPU kernel driver implemented as a loadable kernel module. It functions as a GPU firmware loader, providing the low-level driver services necessary to enable direct communication between the operating system and graphics processing units. The driver utilizes a dual-module architecture that separates GPL-licensed kernel code from proprietary firmware blobs. This system extracts and links signed binary firmware images into the kernel modules at driver load time. The project provides driver support for Turing-architecture GPUs and all subsequent newer hardwa

Mage is a build automation tool and workflow orchestrator that uses Go functions to define executable build targets instead of a custom domain-specific language. It functions as a compiled build system and task runner, mapping exported Go functions to command-line targets. The tool distinguishes itself by compiling build definitions into static binaries for distribution to dependency-free machines. It utilizes hashed binary caching to avoid redundant compilations and supports the packaging of the runtime and defined tasks into a single standalone executable. The platform covers dependency ma

This project is a curated collection of command reference guides and workflow documentation for Git. It provides a structured set of shell commands and practical techniques for managing version control and repository history. The guide focuses on specific high-level operational areas, including repository debugging via binary search and log inspection, the manipulation of commit history through squashing and rewording, and the synchronization of remote repositories. It also covers techniques for auditing project evolution and managing remote references. Additional capabilities cover general

Hyperfine is a command-line benchmarking tool used to measure the execution time of shell commands through multiple runs and statistical analysis. It functions as a comparative benchmarking utility and a shell performance analyzer, allowing for the evaluation of multiple commands against a reference baseline to determine relative speed. The tool distinguishes itself by isolating actual command performance through shell overhead correction and the ability to bypass the shell entirely using system calls. It supports parameterized execution, enabling benchmarks to run across a range of varying i

This project is a localized educational resource for learning the Rust programming language, providing a comprehensive guide and technical specifications translated into Simplified Chinese. It serves as an instructional tool for studying language idioms, memory management, and type systems. The repository focuses on software documentation localization, converting official guides into Simplified Chinese to increase accessibility for non-English speakers. It utilizes a markdown-based system to organize content and supports multi-format export to static HTML, PDF, and EPUB formats for both web a

Sbt is a JVM build tool and dependency management system designed for Scala and Java. It functions as a multi-project build orchestrator that manages the compilation of source code, resolves external libraries from remote repositories, and packages binaries for distribution. The project is distinguished by its interactive build system, which provides a read-eval-print loop for real-time state inspection and task execution. It utilizes a dependency-graph based execution model to process tasks and maintains a type-safe key-value store for dynamic build configuration. Its capabilities cover JVM

Dolphin is a software environment that simulates GameCube and Wii console hardware, allowing users to execute game discs and digital software on modern computing platforms. It functions by translating original console processor instructions into native host machine code at runtime and intercepting low-level graphics commands to render them through modern graphics APIs. The project distinguishes itself through a comprehensive netplay engine that enables online multiplayer for local games by synchronizing game states and input timing across remote instances. This system enforces deterministic e

QEMU is a cross-platform system emulator and hardware virtualization platform that enables the execution of multiple isolated operating systems on a single host machine. It functions as a processor architecture emulator, translating machine instructions between different hardware platforms to allow software designed for one architecture to run on another. The project distinguishes itself through a modular target architecture that separates core emulation logic from specific hardware definitions, supporting a wide range of processor and peripheral configurations. It utilizes dynamic binary tra

macintosh.js is an Electron-based system emulator designed to run legacy operating systems and vintage software within a modern desktop application. It functions as a virtual machine that replicates the hardware and software environment of a Macintosh Quadra to execute System 8. The project includes a UDP network bridge and virtual Ethernet integration, which routes network traffic to specific ports to enable communication between multiple emulated instances on a local network. The emulator supports virtual disk management and disk-image mounting to transfer files between the host machine an

shadPS4 is a C++ game emulator and hardware virtualization tool designed to replicate the PlayStation 4 system environment and hardware to run console software on a computer. It functions as a cross-platform application compatible with Windows, Linux, macOS, and FreeBSD. The project serves as a graphics debugging tool capable of dumping shaders and integrating with rendering tools for performance analysis. It provides a system for recreating the console environment through the import of official firmware files, system fonts, and the use of decrypted keys for tracking game trophies. The emula

Snes9x is a cross-platform emulator designed to replicate the Super Nintendo Entertainment System hardware. It functions as a gaming tool that allows users to load and play Super Nintendo software on modern hardware and operating systems. The software provides a portable emulation layer across various hardware architectures to ensure consistent performance. It supports the execution of game ROMs while providing utilities for input mapping and save states. The system implements hardware emulation through cycle-accurate CPU emulation, dynamic recompilation, and scanline-based video rendering.

The Linux Test Project (LTP) is a comprehensive test suite and framework for validating the reliability, robustness, and stability of the Linux kernel. It provides a structured environment for writing, building, and executing kernel tests, covering system call validation, network protocol testing, KVM virtualization testing, and kernel security regression testing through CVE reproduction. The project includes a kernel-test harness framework with dedicated C and shell APIs for writing self-contained test cases, along with an Autotools-based build system that handles cross-compilation and kerne

Play- is a multi-system game emulator and virtual hardware emulator that simulates various console and arcade hardware to run original game files on modern devices. It functions as a retro game frontend, providing a graphical interface for organizing, launching, and managing libraries of legacy console and arcade titles. The project includes a hardware input mapper that translates modern controllers and mouse movements to simulate specialized legacy input devices, such as light guns and steering wheels. It also features a game state manager capable of capturing and restoring the exact memory