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Webmagic is a Java web crawling framework designed for building scalable automated crawlers to download and process large volumes of web pages. It functions as a distributed web crawler and dynamic content crawler, utilizing an XPath HTML parser to locate and extract specific data points from page structures. The framework distinguishes itself through its ability to handle dynamic content by rendering JavaScript and executing asynchronous requests to extract data from non-static pages. It also allows users to define and execute crawler logic via scripting languages, enabling the update of col

Pholcus is a distributed web crawling system designed for large-scale data scraping. It employs a master-worker distribution model to coordinate high-concurrency scraping tasks across a network of remote client nodes, enabling both horizontal and vertical data collection. The system features a hot-loadable rule engine that allows extraction and navigation logic to be updated at runtime without restarting the process. It handles dynamic content through headless browser integration and bypasses bot detection using proxy rotation, automated user authentication, and simulated human behavior. The

X-ray 是一个无头浏览器 Web 爬虫和 HTML 内容抓取工具，旨在从网站中提取结构化数据。它作为一个基于流的数据抓取器和结构化数据提取器，使用选择器将 HTML 中的文本和属性检索为嵌套对象或数组。 该项目包含一个请求速率控制器，通过并发限制、节流和超时来管理网络流量。它通过无头浏览器渲染 JavaScript 来处理动态网站抓取，并使用广度优先链接跟踪和分页管理执行自动化网站爬取。 该系统提供了一个数据管线，将函数式值转换应用于原始字符串，并将结果写入可读流，以防止在大规模 Web 抓取作业期间出现内存溢出。