phpseclib is a pure-PHP cryptographic library that provides a comprehensive suite of cryptographic operations entirely without requiring compiled C extensions. At its core, it implements arbitrary-precision integer arithmetic for big-number math, ASN.1 DER encoding and decoding for working with cryptographic data structures, and a full set of pure-PHP cryptographic primitives. The library is designed to operate on PHP 5.6 and above, automatically detecting and using native extensions like GMP or BCMath when available, but falling back to its own pure-PHP implementations when they are not. The
CryptoSwift is a cryptography library implemented entirely in the Swift programming language. It provides a collection of standard cryptographic algorithms for encryption, decryption, and hashing without relying on native C libraries or system frameworks. The library supports symmetric and asymmetric encryption, including RSA key generation and signature management. It features authenticated encryption schemes and the ability to generate cryptographic digests for data integrity verification. The toolset covers message authentication codes, secure key derivation from passwords, and data paddi
GmSSL is an open-source cryptographic library that implements the Chinese national cryptographic standards SM2, SM3, SM4, SM9, and ZUC as a unified algorithm suite. It provides a comprehensive set of cryptographic primitives including symmetric and asymmetric encryption, digital signatures, hashing, and key exchange, all built around these national standards for government and enterprise security applications. The library distinguishes itself through several integration capabilities. It includes an OpenSSL compatibility layer that maps GmSSL functions to OpenSSL API calls, enabling drop-in re
Mbed TLS is an open-source TLS and DTLS library with a small footprint, designed for embedded systems and IoT devices. It provides a portable cryptographic library that includes symmetric ciphers, hashing, and public-key cryptography, along with a reference implementation of the PSA Cryptography API for standardized cryptographic operations across platforms. The library also offers X.509 certificate management for parsing, validating, and managing certificate chains in secure communications. The library is built around a platform abstraction layer that decouples it from OS-specific services t