Moodle is an open-source learning management system (LMS) that provides a complete platform for creating, delivering, and managing online courses, assessments, and learner progress. Its architecture combines database-driven content storage, a plugin-based modular extension system, hierarchical role-based access control, and a RESTful API layer, all built around multi-tenant course isolation that keeps each course's activities, users, and grading structures separate.
The platform distinguishes itself through a comprehensive assessment and grading system that manages question banks, applies flexible report filters, and supports collaborative multi-marker grading workflows. It offers course authoring tools for building structured courses with activities like assignments, forums, quizzes, and workshops, while also providing mobile learning delivery through a companion app with notifications and mobile-optimized course creation. The plugin extensible platform allows community-contributed plugins to add new activities, administration features, and content integrations, and supports AI provider customisation for connecting to Gemini or AWS Bedrock.
Additional capabilities include student progress tracking, course structure clarification with availability conditions, subsection duplication for content reuse, and security features such as report data access restriction and security incident reporting. The platform can be deployed via Composer installation, self-hosted on a personal web server, or managed through cloud-based course hosting services.