Open-source alternatives to BASIC M6502

i2cdevlib is a collection of peripheral drivers and hardware abstraction layers designed for I2C devices. It provides a sensor driver collection, a register map database, and a peripheral manager to coordinate communication between microcontrollers and hardware components. The project utilizes a hardware abstraction layer to decouple device logic from specific microcontroller hardware and wire libraries. This transport-layer abstraction allows the same device drivers to remain portable across different hardware architectures. The library covers a broad range of hardware integration, includin

mQuickjs is a compact JavaScript engine designed for memory-constrained devices, such as microcontrollers, requiring as little as 10 KB of RAM and 100 KB of ROM. It achieves this through a fixed-buffer memory allocation scheme that avoids system heap usage, a compacting tracing garbage collector that eliminates fragmentation, and a ROM-embedded standard library that reduces both memory footprint and startup time. The engine compiles JavaScript source into portable bytecode that can be stored in persistent memory and executed without reparsing, and it emulates IEEE 754 floating-point arithmetic

Scala.js is a compiler and cross-platform language toolchain that transforms Scala source code into JavaScript or WebAssembly. It functions as a statically typed tool for the JavaScript ecosystem, enabling the development of applications for web browsers and Node.js environments. The project serves as a JavaScript interop framework, allowing the creation of type-safe facades and bindings to interact with external libraries and global objects. It provides mechanisms for both static and dynamic JavaScript invocation, including the generation of TypeScript bindings and the ability to export inte

MPX is a cross-platform framework designed to build applications for multiple mini-program ecosystems and the web from a single codebase. It utilizes a static transpilation pipeline to transform source code into platform-specific bundles, employing a single-file component system that encapsulates templates, logic, and styles. The framework provides a reactive state management system that automatically synchronizes application data with the user interface through computed properties and watchers. The project distinguishes itself through a robust build-time toolchain that supports sub-package p

Movfuscator is an obfuscating compiler that transforms C source code into x86 machine code consisting exclusively of move instructions. It implements all program logic, arithmetic, and control flow using a move-only instruction set to hide the execution path and prevent reverse engineering. The project includes a move-only library that performs double precision floating point calculations without using native floating point instructions. It also features a translator that converts these move-only binaries into restricted data transfers and indexed addressing for compatibility with RISC archit

Hotspot is a graphical user interface for analyzing and visualizing performance data captured by the Linux perf tool. It functions as a performance profiling visualizer and assembly-level profiler that maps performance costs to specific instructions synchronized with original source code. The project distinguishes itself through a remote symbol resolver that maps performance data from embedded targets to local host debug symbols and sysroots. It also includes a specialized off-CPU analysis tool designed to identify thread wait times and I/O blocks using kernel scheduler tracepoints. The tool

Gravity is an embeddable, bytecode-compiled programming language designed to provide programmable logic within host applications. It is a garbage-collected language that utilizes a mark-and-sweep system to automate memory management and prevent leaks. The language is characterized by a concurrent fiber-based execution model, allowing multiple non-blocking tasks to run simultaneously. It also functions as a JSON-native language, featuring built-in serialization tools to convert complex data structures to and from JSON format. The project includes a virtual machine and a compiler that transfor

This is an open-source, crowd-sourced wiki textbook that teaches Linux system programming in C. It covers the core operating system concepts of process management through the fork-exec-wait model, dynamic memory allocation using implicit free list heap allocators, inode-based file systems, inter-process communication via pipes and shared memory, POSIX threads with synchronization primitives, signal-based asynchronous notification, virtual memory with page table translation, and runtime diagnostics using Valgrind and GDB. The textbook distinguishes itself by providing practical, implementation

NuttX is a POSIX-compliant real-time operating system designed for microcontrollers ranging from 8-bit to 64-bit architectures. It provides a deterministic execution environment with a real-time task scheduler and a POSIX embedded kernel to ensure portable code execution across diverse hardware targets. The project distinguishes itself through a comprehensive hardware abstraction layer that provides standardized drivers for I2C, SPI, CAN, and USB across various semiconductor chipsets. It also features an embedded networking stack supporting TCP, UDP, IPv4, and IPv6, alongside industrial proto

XNU is a hybrid operating system kernel that combines a microkernel architecture with a monolithic layer for system services. It provides a foundation for operating system development, incorporating standardized system-call interfaces, a modular device driver framework, and mandatory access control security. The architecture features a Mach-based microkernel and a BSD-based monolithic layer. It utilizes a message-passing inter-process communication bus for secure data exchange between isolated kernel components and user-space processes, alongside an object-oriented driver framework that decou

gxui is an experimental Go GUI framework and cross-platform UI library used to create graphical user interfaces that run on multiple operating systems using a single codebase. The framework utilizes a WebGL web UI renderer that compiles Go application code into JavaScript to display interfaces within a web browser. It employs a cross-platform abstract interface to map UI primitives to different operating system rendering backends. The project covers the development of single-codebase application logic and the rendering of interfaces through hardware-accelerated graphics APIs.

Roc is a statically typed, functional programming language built around immutable-by-default semantics, exhaustive pattern matching on tag unions, and a type system that combines optional explicit annotations with full compile-time type inference. Its core identity centers on correctness and expressiveness, using tagged unions for error handling with a question-mark operator for early error propagation, and a trailing-bang naming convention that makes side-effect boundaries syntactically visible at every call site. The language distinguishes itself through a platform-based I/O abstraction tha

Haxe is a statically typed, multi-target programming language and open-source compiler toolkit that translates a single codebase into native executables and scripts for JavaScript, C++, C#, Java, Python, Lua, PHP, and Flash targets. It provides a unified type system with automatic type inference, a compile-time macro system for code transformation and generation, conditional compilation directives, and a static analysis engine that enforces null safety and eliminates dead code to produce smaller, safer outputs. The language is supported by the HashLink virtual machine, which executes platform

This project is a C++ learning resource and study guide consisting of structured notes and programming examples. It provides practical implementations and exercise solutions covering core language syntax, data types, and control flow. The repository features specialized samples for object-oriented design, including class inheritance, polymorphism, and abstract classes. It includes demonstrations of memory management techniques such as dynamic allocation, move semantics, and placement new, as well as template programming examples for creating generic functions and data structures. The codebas

Swift System is a low-level library that provides safe, idiomatic abstractions for operating system calls and file path manipulation. It serves as a programming interface wrapping native operating system calls and platform types for reliable desktop and mobile integration. The library enforces strict separation of incompatible string types at compile time by wrapping raw values in domain-specific structures, preventing the mixing of system paths with arbitrary text. It translates raw numeric operating system error codes into strongly typed enumeration cases and manages system handles and file

This project is a comprehensive technical interview question bank and reference library designed for software engineering roles at major technology companies. It serves as a study guide and knowledge base covering the core principles of high-performance systems programming and computer science theory. The collection focuses on deep technical domains, including C++ language mastery, distributed systems design, and database engineering. It provides detailed material on consensus protocols, cluster coordination, and the architectural differences between SQL and NoSQL implementations. The resour

This project is a comprehensive technical guide to advanced Go programming. It serves as a programming guide, technical reference, and textbook covering low-level optimization and distributed systems architecture. The resource provides detailed instructions on writing assembly instructions to optimize performance-critical code and managing C-Go interoperability to bridge C libraries with Go. It also functions as a manual for implementing remote procedure call mechanisms and creating custom plugins for the Protocol Buffers compiler. The material covers high-level capabilities including the de

Skill-Tree is an educational framework designed to map theoretical technical concepts to practical implementation pipelines and structured interview preparation. It organizes technical knowledge into a tree-based index to enable structured navigation and uses a theory-to-implementation pipeline to verify conceptual understanding through concrete software tasks. The project provides curated study paths and cross-referenced indexing that links common interview questions and simulated exam sets to specific technical modules. It employs module-based subject isolation to separate diverse backend d

This project is a technical reference and a collection of internal analysis notes focused on the Go language runtime and compiler. It provides a detailed breakdown of the language internals, covering memory management, garbage collection, and the execution model of the scheduler. The material distinguishes itself by providing deep dives into low-level system details, including a reference for Go assembly instructions, register usage, and system call interfacing. It specifically analyzes the internal implementation of concurrency primitives, such as the goroutine scheduling mechanism, channel

This project is a C-based heap management library designed for systems programming environments that require manual control over memory lifecycles. It provides the fundamental utilities necessary to initialize a designated region of memory and perform dynamic allocation and deallocation of memory blocks. The library utilizes a linked-list-based tracking system to manage memory segments, employing a first-fit strategy to locate available space within the heap. To maintain memory organization and minimize fragmentation, it implements boundary-tag coalescing, which automatically merges adjacent

This project is a technical programming guide and educational resource focused on Go internals, runtime mechanisms, and advanced language features. It provides detailed conceptual analysis of the language's execution model, including its scheduler, memory escape analysis, and garbage collection mechanisms. The material distinguishes itself through deep dives into high-concurrency system design, exploring the implementation of worker pools and communication channels. It also covers low-level network programming with a focus on I/O multiplexing and TCP state management, alongside a study of dis

Mimalloc is a general purpose dynamic memory allocator for C and C++ designed to increase execution speed and reduce fragmentation. It functions as a scalable heap manager that replaces standard library allocation functions to improve performance and memory efficiency across applications. The project distinguishes itself as both a heap security hardener and a memory corruption detector. It employs randomized allocation, encrypted free lists, and sampled guard pages to mitigate heap exploits and identify buffer overflows or use-after-free errors during runtime. The allocator provides capabili

yyjson is a high-performance C library for parsing, serializing, and manipulating JSON data structures. It functions as a memory-efficient data tool that utilizes custom memory pools and contiguous block allocation to minimize fragmentation and overhead. The project distinguishes itself as a SIMD JSON processor, using hardware-accelerated vector instructions for rapid string validation and parsing. It provides a toolkit for querying, modifying, and patching nested JSON objects and arrays through pointer-based access and path expressions. The library covers a broad range of data manipulation

The Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide is an educational resource that teaches how to write, compile, and manage loadable kernel modules for modern Linux kernels. It covers the complete lifecycle of kernel modules, from building and loading to unloading and debugging, with a focus on extending kernel functionality without recompiling the entire kernel. The guide provides comprehensive coverage of core kernel programming concepts including dynamic module loading, file-operation registration, interrupt handling, kernel-user data copying, concurrency control, and deferred task scheduling. It

c3c is the compiler for the C3 programming language, transforming source code into executable binaries, static libraries, or dynamic libraries using an LLVM backend. It implements a system based on result-based error handling, scoped memory pooling, and a semantic macro system. The compiler provides first-class support for hardware-backed SIMD vectors that map directly to processor instructions and enables runtime polymorphism through interface-based dynamic dispatch. The project covers a broad set of low-level capabilities, including manual and pooled memory management, inline assembly inte

This project is a collection of condensed technical references and study guides for the C++ language. It serves as a language cheat sheet and programming reference covering core syntax, standards, and data organization patterns. The resource provides specialized guides for algorithm study, data structure reference, and technical interview preparation. It includes materials for reviewing computational complexity and efficient data structure usage for competitive programming. The content covers broad capability areas including object-oriented programming, memory management, and generic program

BenchmarkDotNet is a library and tool suite for measuring the execution time and memory allocation of .NET code. It utilizes statistical sampling and warm-up iterations to determine the stability and precise execution speed of specific methods. The project provides a JIT disassembly viewer to inspect processor disassembly and analyze how the compiler executes code paths. It includes a memory allocation profiler that tracks managed and native memory traffic to identify efficiency bottlenecks. Additionally, a runtime performance comparator allows the same benchmarks to be executed across differ