Open-source alternatives to Papers

EOS is a Layer 1 blockchain infrastructure and high-throughput transaction engine. It serves as a WebAssembly smart contract platform that manages state transitions and network consensus across a peer-to-peer network. The system utilizes a sandboxed virtual machine for executing smart contract logic and employs a Byzantine Fault Tolerant delegated proof-of-stake consensus mechanism to finalize the global ledger state. It features a resource-based stake model for CPU and memory allocation and an asynchronous messaging system for inter-contract communication to prevent recursive call overflows.

FISCO BCOS（发音为/ˈfɪskl bi:ˈkɒz/）是一个稳定、高效、安全的许可区块链平台，已被广泛应用于现实的行业应用。截至目前，已拥有5000多家企事业单位，400多个产业数字化标杆应用，涵盖文化版权、司法服务、政府服务、物联网、金融、智慧社区、房地产建设、社区治理、乡村振兴等领域。FISCO BCOS (pronounced /ˈfɪskl bi:ˈkɒz/) is a stable, efficient, and secure permissioned blockchain platform that has been widely used in real-world industry applications.

bitcoin0.1.0 source

go-ipfs is an implementation of an IPFS node, providing a distributed filesystem and a content-addressable storage system. It enables the storage and retrieval of data based on unique cryptographic hashes rather than fixed network locations, allowing files to be shared across a peer-to-peer network without a central authority. The system utilizes a distributed hash table and a peer-to-peer gossip protocol to route requests and propagate network state and metadata. It organizes data using a Merkle DAG structure to support efficient deduplication and versioning of content. Capabilities include

Quorum is a permissioned blockchain framework based on Ethereum, designed for enterprise consortia. It implements a private version of the ledger that restricts network access to authorized participants and uses authority-based consensus mechanisms to achieve transaction finality without energy-intensive mining. The project focuses on data privacy and access control through the use of private smart contracts and encrypted state storage. This ensures that transaction visibility and business logic results remain hidden from unauthorized nodes and are only accessible to designated consortium mem

The Metaverse individual chain service ETP coin and immutable data space for Hyperspace.

Sui is a blockchain platform featuring an object-centric state model and resource-oriented smart contracts. It utilizes parallel transaction execution to increase network throughput and supports programmable transaction blocks that bundle multiple operations into single atomic units. The platform distinguishes itself with a capability-based access control system and zero-knowledge login mechanisms, enabling users to authenticate via identity providers without seed phrases. It also implements deterministic object addressing to allow predictable state lookups and supports the creation of soulbo

NEO Smart Economy

The Nervos CKB is a public permissionless blockchain, and the layer 1 of Nervos network.

A reference implementation of a neutral replicated state machine. Forked from the Libra/Diem technologies.

Pontem parachain node with Move VM pallet on board.

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Presto Ethereum Connector -- SQL on Ethereum