Open-source alternatives to Crawlee

Pholcus is a distributed web crawling system designed for large-scale data scraping. It employs a master-worker distribution model to coordinate high-concurrency scraping tasks across a network of remote client nodes, enabling both horizontal and vertical data collection. The system features a hot-loadable rule engine that allows extraction and navigation logic to be updated at runtime without restarting the process. It handles dynamic content through headless browser integration and bypasses bot detection using proxy rotation, automated user authentication, and simulated human behavior. The

Maxun is an open-source web scraping and automation platform designed to transform dynamic website content into structured data. By leveraging artificial intelligence to interpret natural language prompts, the system identifies page elements and extracts information without requiring manual selector configuration. It serves as a bridge between raw web content and intelligent workflows, providing structured outputs in formats optimized for large language model ingestion and agent-based applications. The platform distinguishes itself through its ability to handle complex, authenticated, and dyn

Stagehand is an AI-native browser automation framework that enables developers to build reliable web automations using a hybrid of natural language instructions and deterministic TypeScript code.

This project is a comprehensive resource directory for web data extraction, providing a curated collection of tools and libraries for parsing data, automating browsers, and managing network operations. It serves as a guide for extracting structured information from HTML, XML, JSON, and PDF formats. The toolkit focuses on advanced data collection strategies, including headless browser automation to interact with JavaScript and a suite of network utilities for DNS resolution and WebSocket connections. It specifically covers methods for bypassing bot protections through proxy pool management, us

node-crawler is a programmable web crawler for Node.js that manages request queues and automates data extraction. It functions as a rate-limited HTTP client and a headless HTML parser, providing the infrastructure to visit large sets of URLs asynchronously while preventing duplicate processing through task deduplication. The project distinguishes itself through a proxy rotation manager that cycles user agents and proxy servers to bypass access restrictions. It utilizes the HTTP/2 protocol to improve request performance and server compatibility during large-scale scraping operations. The syst

Colly is a high-performance web scraping framework designed for the automated extraction of structured data from websites. It provides a programmable toolkit that manages the complexities of large-scale data collection, including concurrent request orchestration, automatic cookie handling, and robots.txt compliance. By utilizing an asynchronous execution model, the engine maintains high throughput while preventing resource exhaustion during recursive or distributed crawling tasks. The framework is distinguished by its modular, event-driven architecture, which allows developers to hook into sp

Firecrawl is a headless browser automation tool and web crawling engine designed to extract structured data from the web. It functions as an API that transforms raw website content and documents into clean markdown and JSON formats to serve as context for large language models. The project distinguishes itself by using natural language prompts to translate human instructions into targeted data extraction tasks and browser actions. It can execute interactive page navigation, such as clicking and scrolling, and perform automated web research to retrieve structured data without manual interventi

CyberScraper-2077 is an AI-powered web scraping tool that uses large language models to extract and structure data from websites into organized formats. It functions as an LLM web scraper and AI content parser, transforming unstructured raw web text into specific data schemas. The project distinguishes itself through a suite of anonymity and evasion tools, including proxy rotation, SOCKS-based identity masking, and the ability to route traffic through the Tor network to access hidden onion services. It further includes a bot detection bypass system that employs stealth parameters and custom n

Firecrawl is a web data extraction platform designed to convert unstructured web content into clean, LLM-ready formats like markdown or JSON. It functions as an autonomous web crawler and scraper, capable of mapping entire domains, performing recursive navigation, and executing complex data gathering tasks. By leveraging headless browser orchestration, the system handles dynamic, JavaScript-heavy pages to ensure comprehensive data capture. The platform distinguishes itself through its focus on agentic workflows, providing a programmatic interface that allows autonomous agents to perform live

Pholcus is a distributed web crawler framework written in Go designed for high-concurrency data extraction. It functions as a distributed crawling orchestrator and dynamic data extraction engine, utilizing a server-client architecture to coordinate tasks across multiple nodes. The system integrates a headless browser engine to render dynamic content and execute JavaScript, allowing it to extract data from single-page applications. It features a web-based management interface for configuring spider parameters and monitoring execution progress, alongside the ability to update extraction rules v

PySpider is a Python web crawling framework designed for automated data extraction. It provides a pipeline for periodically fetching web content, processing HTML, and persisting scraped information into database backends. The system features a web-based management interface for editing scraping scripts, monitoring task progress, and reviewing collected data. It includes a headless browser JavaScript renderer to capture rendered HTML from dynamic web pages and a distributed architecture that uses message queues to scale crawling workloads across multiple nodes. The framework also covers task

Webmagic is a Java web crawling framework designed for building scalable automated crawlers to download and process large volumes of web pages. It functions as a distributed web crawler and dynamic content crawler, utilizing an XPath HTML parser to locate and extract specific data points from page structures. The framework distinguishes itself through its ability to handle dynamic content by rendering JavaScript and executing asynchronous requests to extract data from non-static pages. It also allows users to define and execute crawler logic via scripting languages, enabling the update of col

nodriver is an asynchronous Chromium browser automation framework that provides headless control and web scraping capabilities. It functions as a Chrome DevTools Protocol client, allowing for granular engine control by attaching directly to the browser's debug port without the need for external driver binaries. The framework is specifically designed as an anti-bot detection bypass tool. It modifies browser fingerprints and protocol headers to evade automated security systems, handle security warnings, and bypass common obstacles like insecure connection alerts. The system covers a broad rang

PythonSpiderNotes is a comprehensive instructional resource and framework for building web crawlers and extracting data using the Python programming language. It provides a set of methods for parsing unstructured HTML and JSON data into structured formats for persistent storage. The project includes detailed guides and tutorials on browser automation for retrieving dynamic content, as well as a framework for data extraction. It specifically covers anti-bot bypass techniques, such as rotating proxies and spoofing headers, to avoid IP blocks and detection systems. The capability surface extend

Undetected-chromedriver is a framework for automated browser navigation designed to bypass anti-bot security measures. It functions by patching browser drivers at the binary level to obscure automation signals, allowing scripts to interact with protected websites without being flagged or blocked by security services. The project distinguishes itself through its ability to maintain stealth during automated sessions, including those executed in headless mode. It achieves this by injecting custom configurations to mimic human user behavior and by hooking into low-level browser debugging protocol

gstack is an AI agent framework and development workflow system designed to automate the software development lifecycle. It coordinates specialized AI personas to manage tasks across product design, engineering management, and quality assurance, transforming product intent into technical specifications and final releases. The project is distinguished by its deep integration of headless browser automation and semantic code memory. It utilizes a persistent Chromium daemon for web scraping and visual auditing, and implements a searchable knowledge base that logs architectural decisions and repos

This project is a high-performance headless browser engine designed for scalable web automation, data extraction, and AI agent integration. It provides a specialized environment that allows autonomous agents and testing frameworks to interact with web content through standardized remote control protocols. By executing pages in a lightweight, headless state, the engine minimizes resource consumption while maintaining the ability to perform complex navigation and dynamic content rendering. The platform distinguishes itself through deep integration with AI-centric communication layers and advanc

AnyCrawl is an AI-powered data extractor, automated web crawler, and headless browser orchestrator. It serves as a web content extraction API and a gateway that connects crawling and scraping tools to language models using a standardized API protocol. The project specializes in converting unstructured website content into structured JSON or markdown optimized for AI assistants. It utilizes language models and JSON schemas to pull specific information into validated formats and provides capabilities for AI page summarization and LLM-optimized content extraction. The system manages comprehensi

Automa is a browser-based automation platform that enables users to build, schedule, and execute repetitive web tasks through a visual, no-code interface. By operating as a browser extension, it provides a canvas-based environment where users construct workflows by connecting functional blocks to interact with web elements, manage browser state, and process data. The platform distinguishes itself through its deep integration with the browser environment, allowing for complex orchestration such as event-driven triggers, cross-origin request handling, and the ability to package workflows as sta

Katana is a web crawler and spider designed for security reconnaissance and web application mapping. It functions as a utility for identifying endpoints, forms, and API structures across web targets by combining standard HTTP request traversal with headless browser automation to render dynamic, JavaScript-heavy content. The tool distinguishes itself through its ability to maintain authenticated sessions and handle complex web interactions, such as automated form submission and captcha resolution. It provides granular control over the discovery process, allowing users to define specific crawl

This project is an Amazon web scraper and e-commerce data extractor designed to retrieve product names, prices, and ratings. It functions as a headless browser crawler that converts unstructured web content from product listings into structured JSON and CSV formats. The tool incorporates anti-bot bypass capabilities to circumvent CAPTCHAs and security challenges. It achieves this through the use of residential proxy integration, automatic proxy rotation, and the modification of browser fingerprints to simulate human interaction patterns. The system provides broad web scraping capabilities, i

X-crawl is a Node.js-based web scraping framework designed to automate data collection from both static and dynamic websites. It integrates artificial intelligence to perform semantic parsing, allowing it to transform unstructured HTML into structured data formats that remain accurate even when website layouts or class names change. The project distinguishes itself through a comprehensive suite of stealth and reliability features. It manages crawler identity by randomizing device fingerprints and rotating proxy servers to bypass access restrictions. To handle complex, JavaScript-heavy interfa

This project is an MCP browser automation server that connects large language models to headless cloud browsers. It functions as an autonomous web workflow engine and an LLM web agent interface, enabling the translation of natural language instructions into browser actions and structured data retrieval. The system distinguishes itself through a managed headless browser cloud API that supports concurrent Chromium sessions with integrated stealth modes, CAPTCHA solving, and proxy traffic routing. It utilizes self-healing element selection to maintain automation resilience when page structures c

Go Spider is a modular framework designed for building concurrent web scrapers and data extraction workflows. It provides a structured engine for orchestrating automated crawling tasks, managing request scheduling, and processing web content through a unified pipeline. The framework distinguishes itself through a highly configurable architecture that allows developers to inject custom logic for downloaders, schedulers, and storage components via interface-driven contracts. It manages network interactions using middleware-based request throttling and URL deduplication, ensuring that crawling o

This project is a Python-based automation toolkit designed to manage programmatic authentication and session persistence across web services. It provides a framework for executing automated login sequences, including the handling of interactive security challenges such as QR code verification and captcha resolution. The toolkit distinguishes itself by simulating native mobile application environments, allowing for the execution of scripts that require specific device-level headers and behaviors. It also incorporates hook-based interception to monitor workflow states and manage exceptions duri

Skyvern is an autonomous web navigation agent and browser-based workflow orchestrator that uses large language models to execute multi-step tasks on websites. By translating natural language instructions into actionable browser commands, the framework enables the automation of complex user workflows, including data extraction and interface interaction, without manual intervention. The platform distinguishes itself through a focus on secure, self-hosted infrastructure and stealth-oriented execution. It utilizes containerized browser isolation to maintain consistent environments and employs pro

DrissionPage is a Python library designed for web automation, data scraping, and testing. It functions as a browser automation framework that communicates directly with the browser engine via the Chrome DevTools Protocol, allowing for precise control over browser instances and page states. The library distinguishes itself by providing a unified interface that combines full browser automation with raw HTTP request capabilities. This hybrid approach allows users to switch between lightweight network requests and heavy browser-based interactions within a single workflow. By wrapping asynchronous