Open-source alternatives to Tomcat

Javalin is a lightweight web framework for Java and Kotlin designed for building REST APIs and web applications. It functions as an embedded Jetty web server, allowing applications to run as standalone processes without the need for an external servlet container. The project provides specialized frameworks for diverse communication patterns, including a REST API framework with automatic OpenAPI schema generation, a GraphQL API framework with query and mutation resolvers, and a WebSocket server for bidirectional real-time communication. It also includes a dedicated framework for pushing real-t

mcp-context-forge is a Model Context Protocol federation gateway that unifies diverse AI tool servers and APIs into a single consistent interface for discovery and execution. It acts as a centralized proxy that aggregates multiple servers and APIs, allowing AI agents to access and invoke a unified set of tools, prompts, and resources. The project distinguishes itself through a multi-protocol translation bridge that converts communication between standard I/O, SSE, gRPC, and REST to enable interoperability between disparate tool servers. It includes a comprehensive LLM evaluation framework for

Grav is a flat-file content management system that eliminates the need for a traditional database by storing site content and configuration in human-readable Markdown and YAML files. Built as a modular PHP web framework, it uses a hierarchical page routing system where the physical directory structure directly determines the site's URL paths. The platform is distinguished by its event-driven plugin architecture and a command-line interface that prioritizes system administration, deployment, and maintenance tasks. It utilizes a blueprint-driven system to generate administrative forms from stru

Openfire is an XMPP communication server and enterprise messaging platform designed for real-time collaboration. It serves as a communication hub providing instant messaging, presence tracking, and multi-user chat capabilities for organizational use. The server supports federated network routing via an XMPP federation gateway, allowing users across different domains to exchange messages. It is designed for high availability through server node clustering and multi-node synchronization to balance client traffic and ensure continuous uptime. The platform integrates with external directory serv

This project is a pure JavaScript database driver for Node.js that implements the native MySQL binary protocol. It serves as a comprehensive connector for managing persistent network links to MySQL servers, enabling applications to execute queries, manage transactions, and handle complex data operations without requiring external middleware. The driver distinguishes itself through its integrated support for connection pooling and distributed database routing. It maintains managed sets of reusable network sockets to optimize resource usage under high request volumes, while simultaneously provi

Pigsty is a full-stack orchestration suite for deploying, monitoring, and managing high-availability PostgreSQL clusters and their supporting infrastructure. It functions as a cluster management platform and high-availability suite that automates failover, manages virtual IPs, and ensures data consistency through distributed consensus. The project distinguishes itself by providing a comprehensive database infrastructure-as-code framework and a dedicated observability stack. It incorporates a backup and recovery manager supporting point-in-time recovery via S3-compatible object storage, alongs

Zeebe is a cloud-native workflow engine and distributed state machine designed for business process orchestration using BPMN and DMN standards. It operates as a high-performance gRPC workflow runtime that executes complex business processes through a partitioned event-streaming architecture. The system also functions as an orchestrator for large language model agents, coordinating AI reasoning and tool use within deterministic business processes. The engine is distinguished by its peer-to-peer broker networking and a consensus-based data replication model that ensures high availability and fa

Homestead is a virtual machine provisioner that creates a standardized PHP development environment. It provides a disposable development workspace that isolates project dependencies and server tools from the host operating system, using Vagrant to orchestrate the machine lifecycle. The system functions as a local site orchestrator, allowing users to map custom domains to specific project folders through virtual host routing and network port forwarding. It includes a dedicated local mail testing tool that intercepts outgoing application emails in a dashboard for inspection without sending them

Incus is a unified orchestration platform for managing system containers, OCI application containers, and virtual machines through a single control plane. It brings together cluster infrastructure management, secure multi-tenancy, software-defined networking, and pluggable storage backend orchestration into one cohesive system exposed via a full REST API and command-line interface. What distinguishes Incus is its ability to run multiple instance types side by side—full Linux system containers, OCI application containers, and QEMU virtual machines—all managed with consistent tooling. Networkin

Vercel is a cloud platform for building, deploying, and scaling web applications. It provides a unified infrastructure that automates the build process by detecting project frameworks and distributing static and dynamic content through a global content delivery network. The platform executes application logic using serverless functions that scale automatically based on real-time traffic demand. The platform distinguishes itself through a centralized AI gateway that proxies requests to multiple model providers, enabling standardized authentication, observability, and cost tracking. It supports

Walle-web is a continuous delivery platform and DevOps release manager designed to automate the deployment, rollback, and release of code across multiple server environments. It functions as a container deployment orchestrator and multi-environment server manager, providing a centralized web interface for coordinating application delivery. The system distinguishes itself through a combination of canary release management and containerized application delivery. It utilizes a RESTful deployment API to integrate external tools into the delivery pipeline and employs hook-based workflow orchestrat

This project is a technical resource and guide for bypassing internet censorship and network restrictions. It provides instructional documentation for configuring proxies and tunnels to circumvent IP blocking and access restricted websites and services. The guides cover the deployment of Shadowsocks, L2TP/IPSec, and SSH tunnels on virtual private servers. It focuses on masking server IP addresses by routing traffic through content delivery networks and using WebSockets to maintain connectivity. Additional technical coverage includes the implementation of SOCKS5 and HTTP proxies, the configur

asyncpg is an asynchronous database driver and binary protocol client for PostgreSQL. It provides a non-blocking interface for executing SQL statements, streaming result sets, and managing data transfer between an application and a PostgreSQL database. The driver implements the PostgreSQL binary protocol directly to facilitate efficient data transfer and type conversion. It includes a connection pool to maintain and reuse open database connections, reducing the latency associated with repeated handshakes. The project covers a broad range of database integration capabilities, including atomic

cc-connect is an AI agent messaging bridge and session manager that connects local AI coding agents to third-party messaging platforms. It acts as a multimodal AI chat relay and a OneBot protocol gateway, allowing users to control local AI agents remotely via a variety of chat interfaces. The project distinguishes itself by providing a remote AI agent controller that enables the management of agents through slash commands and a web management dashboard. It supports multi-tenant project orchestration and session-based context isolation, ensuring that independent conversation threads are mainta

DnsServer is a recursive and authoritative DNS server that provides domain name resolution and zone hosting. It functions as both a recursive resolver, performing iterative lookups across the internet, and an authoritative manager for primary and secondary DNS zones. The system distinguishes itself through high-availability clustering and a programmable HTTP API for automating server configurations and bulk record management. It supports a wide range of encrypted transport protocols, including TLS, HTTPS, and QUIC, and allows for custom functionality via a plugin-based request interception fr

Trojan is a censorship circumvention tool and TLS proxy server designed to bypass network restrictions by imitating legitimate web services. It functions as a TLS traffic obfuscator that masks proxy activity by mimicking the handshake and data flow of standard HTTPS requests. The system disguises network traffic as common web browsing to avoid deep packet inspection. It achieves this by wrapping TCP and UDP data within TLS encryption and forwarding unauthenticated or unauthorized requests to a legitimate destination website to hide the proxy's purpose. The project provides a tunnel that conv

This project is an HTTP web server that delivers web content to clients using HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2 protocols across various operating systems. It functions as a reverse proxy server, a rule-based URL rewriter, an SSL/TLS termination gateway, and a virtual host manager. The server is capable of hosting multiple distinct domains on a single instance by mapping requests to specific directory structures. It encrypts and decrypts network traffic at the server boundary to secure communication between clients and servers. Additionally, it transforms requested URLs into different paths using a regular

Brook is a cross-platform proxy server designed to secure network traffic and manage multi-user access. It functions as a proxy manager that facilitates connectivity across diverse hardware architectures, including desktop, mobile, and router environments. The system distinguishes itself through integrated identity and administrative controls, utilizing email-based token authentication to verify users and enforce granular, role-based access policies. It also provides a white-label build pipeline that allows for the customization of client application branding, enabling the replacement of defa

WCDB is a cross-platform storage layer and embedded database engine that serves as a framework for SQLite. It functions as an object relational mapper, linking application classes to database tables to enable data operations via objects rather than raw queries. The project is distinguished by an integrated encryption layer for securing data at rest and a full-text search engine that uses language-specific tokenizers for text lookups. It also features transparent field compression to reduce storage footprints and a connection-pooling model to coordinate simultaneous read and write operations a

Swoft is a high-performance PHP microservice framework designed to handle concurrent network traffic and asynchronous tasks using coroutines. It provides a foundation for building scalable backend services through a coroutine-driven runtime and high-performance servers supporting HTTP, WebSocket, RPC, and TCP protocols. The framework distinguishes itself through a set of governance and optimization tools, including a distributed service coordination system for registration, discovery, and circuit breaking. It also features a connection pool manager for reusable database and network sockets an

Knex is a programmatic SQL query builder for Node.js applications. It provides a unified interface for generating database statements and managing structural versioning through a schema migration tool. The project features a multi-dialect database layer that translates programmatic queries into specific syntax for relational databases including PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQLite3, and MSSQL. This allows for writing database logic that remains compatible across different systems. The system includes infrastructure for managing reusable database connection pools and handling relational transactions to

Pigsty is a comprehensive database infrastructure orchestration platform designed to automate the full lifecycle of high-availability PostgreSQL clusters. It functions as an infrastructure-as-code framework that manages cluster coordination, node provisioning, and service discovery through idempotent playbooks. By integrating distributed consensus mechanisms, the platform ensures automated failover and consistent state enforcement across diverse environments, including bare metal and virtualized infrastructure. The platform distinguishes itself through a robust suite of operational capabiliti

EasySwoole is a high-performance asynchronous PHP framework designed for building event-driven networks and persistent memory applications. It functions as a toolkit for developing distributed microservices and asynchronous servers capable of handling concurrent HTTP, TCP, UDP, and WebSocket connections. The framework distinguishes itself through a persistent memory process execution mode that eliminates the overhead of repetitive file loading and invocation during request handling. It provides built-in support for distributed systems via remote procedure call implementations and service disc

This project is a C++ HTTP web server designed for the Linux environment. It functions as a high-performance network server that processes HTTP requests and delivers static files. The server utilizes a reactor model and a thread pool to handle high volumes of simultaneous connections. It employs a state machine and regular expressions for request parsing, while a min-heap timer system manages connection timeouts to automatically close inactive sockets. Additional capabilities include a database connection pooler to reduce handshake overhead and an integrated user authentication system for re

redis-rs is a client library for interacting with Redis data stores using synchronous and asynchronous Rust interfaces. It serves as a driver for performing data caching, session management, and general data storage. The library features specialized support for Redis Cluster environments, including cluster-aware node routing and distributed data management. It distinguishes itself through zero-copy deserialization to minimize memory allocations and a multiplexed connection model that allows multiple concurrent requests to share a single network connection. The project covers a broad capabili

This project is a feature-rich Go client library designed for interacting with Redis. It serves as a comprehensive interface for managing remote data stores, enabling developers to execute standard database commands, handle complex data structures, and perform asynchronous operations within Go applications. The library distinguishes itself through its support for advanced Redis capabilities, including connection pooling, pipelining, and transactional integrity. It provides specialized primitives for managing distributed clusters, including automated topology updates and request routing to sha

Streamlit is a Python framework designed to transform data scripts into interactive web applications. It utilizes a reactive execution engine that automatically reruns scripts from top to bottom whenever a user interaction triggers a state change, ensuring the interface remains synchronized with the underlying data. By providing a declarative interface, it allows developers to build functional applications without requiring extensive knowledge of frontend web technologies. The framework distinguishes itself through an identity-based widget reconciliation system that persists user input across