Distributed SQL Databases

Cockroach is a distributed SQL database designed to scale horizontally across multiple nodes while maintaining strict ACID compliance and global data consistency. It functions as a relational database engine that automatically partitions data into ranges, rebalancing them across a cluster to accommodate growing storage and throughput requirements. By utilizing a distributed consensus protocol, the system ensures that all nodes agree on the order of operations, providing fault tolerance and continuous availability even in the event of hardware failures. The system distinguishes itself through

OceanBase is a distributed SQL database designed for high availability and strong consistency across multiple nodes and regions. It functions as a hybrid transactional and analytical processing engine, allowing real-time analytics and transactions to execute on a single data copy. The system also serves as a vector database engine for indexing and querying vector data to power semantic search and recommendation systems. The platform features native compatibility layers for MySQL and Oracle, enabling the migration of legacy workloads without rewriting SQL code. It utilizes a Paxos-based distri

Ignite is a distributed in-memory data grid and compute platform. It functions as a distributed SQL database and storage engine designed to store and process large datasets in RAM to minimize latency and increase calculation speed. The system is distinguished by a multi-tier storage engine that manages data placement across memory and disk to balance high-speed access with large capacity. It features a distributed compute grid that executes custom logic directly on the nodes where data resides to reduce network traffic. The platform provides a broad set of capabilities including ACID transac

Citus is a PostgreSQL extension that transforms a standard database into a distributed system. It functions as a sharding framework and distributed SQL engine, enabling horizontal scaling by partitioning tables across a cluster of nodes. By utilizing a coordinator-worker topology, the system manages metadata and routes queries to the appropriate nodes, allowing for parallel execution of complex operations across distributed data shards. The platform distinguishes itself through its specialized support for multi-tenant architectures and real-time analytical processing. It enables tenant-based

YugabyteDB is a distributed SQL database and relational data store designed for horizontal scalability and high availability across multiple nodes or regions. It functions as a cloud-native system that ensures continuous availability and supports PostgreSQL compatible query languages and drivers. The system includes specialized capabilities as a vector database for AI, utilizing high-dimensional indexing to perform similarity searches. It is engineered as a multi-region cloud database that synchronizes data across different geographic locations to maintain global availability. The project co

TiDB is a horizontally scalable, distributed SQL database designed to provide consistent transactional storage and high-performance analytical processing within a single unified architecture. It utilizes a decoupled compute-storage design and a distributed key-value storage layer to ensure horizontal scalability and efficient range-based queries. By employing a consensus-based replication algorithm, the system maintains high availability and automatic failover across multiple nodes and geographical regions. The platform distinguishes itself through its hybrid transactional and analytical proc

ToyDB is a distributed SQL database that provides a system for storing and querying data across multiple nodes. It focuses on maintaining strong consistency and fault tolerance through the implementation of a distributed consensus algorithm. The project distinguishes itself by supporting historical data versioning, enabling time-travel queries to retrieve the state of the database from a specific point in the past. It utilizes multi-version concurrency control to manage ACID transactions and ensure data integrity during concurrent operations. The system covers relational data modeling with t

YDB is a distributed SQL database and analytical engine designed for horizontal scalability and strong consistency. It functions as a multi-model system that supports transactional and analytical workloads through a distributed architecture providing serializable ACID transactions. The system is distinguished by its broad protocol compatibility, implementing the PostgreSQL wire protocol for standard SQL drivers and the Kafka protocol for messaging and streaming. It further serves as a vector database, supporting vector indexes and approximate nearest neighbor searches for semantic search and

Turso is a distributed SQL database platform that provides managed, edge-hosted SQLite instances. It functions as a serverless database provider, enabling the deployment of relational databases that synchronize data across multiple geographic regions to support high availability and performance. The platform distinguishes itself by utilizing a fork of SQLite as its core storage engine, which supports both local file storage and remote network-based replication. It employs an edge-optimized proxy to route queries through a global network, minimizing latency by connecting users to the nearest d

SurrealDB is a multi-model database engine designed to store and query document, graph, relational, and vector data within a single ACID-compliant platform. It functions as an AI-native data store, integrating vector search, graph traversal, and machine learning model execution directly into its query layer. By providing a unified declarative query language, the platform eliminates the need for external middleware to synchronize data across different storage models. The platform distinguishes itself through its ability to manage agent memory and complex workflows natively. It allows developer

This project is a database extension that enables horizontal scaling and distributed data partitioning across multiple PostgreSQL nodes. It functions as a middleware solution that distributes large database tables across a cluster to increase total storage capacity and improve write performance for growing datasets. The system employs hash-based partitioning to distribute table records across physical nodes and uses a central metadata catalog to track shard locations. It provides transparent query routing, which directs standard SQL commands from a coordinator node to the appropriate worker n