Computer Networking Fundamentals

This project is a comprehensive computer networking textbook and instructional resource. It serves as a technical guide for the design and implementation of network layers, protocols, and hardware architecture, covering the spectrum from physical links to application-layer protocols. The content provides a detailed study of standards for congestion control, reliable data delivery, and internetwork routing. It includes specialized technical material on network security, public-key infrastructure, and the operation of modern cloud infrastructure and data centers. The material covers a broad range of capabilities, including network protocol design, multimedia streaming systems, and security engineering. It also addresses performance optimization through the analysis of throughput, latency, and bandwidth fairness. The repository includes a toolset and Makefile to generate a web-viewable HTML version of the textbook from its source.

This project is a collaborative knowledge base and technical learning resource that provides a detailed breakdown of the internal processes occurring within modern computing environments. It serves as a comprehensive educational reference, tracing the step-by-step operations triggered by common user interactions and network requests to explain how hardware and software components interact across the entire stack. The guide distinguishes itself by offering deep technical insights into the journey from physical input to visual output. It covers the low-level mechanics of hardware interrupt handling and operating system event dispatching, alongside the complex stages of the browser rendering pipeline and network protocol analysis. By examining these systems in tandem, the repository illustrates how raw data is transformed into a functional graphical interface. The documentation explores a wide range of system internals, including URL processing logic, DNS resolution, and secure communication handshakes. It provides structured explanations for various stages of web architecture, such as markup parsing, style interpretation, and GPU-accelerated rendering, offering a granular view of the operations that occur under the hood during standard web browsing.

Cilium is a networking, security, and observability platform for containerized environments that leverages kernel-level data paths to process traffic. By executing programs directly within the Linux kernel, it provides high-performance packet filtering, routing, and load balancing without the need for traditional user-space proxies or context switching. The platform distinguishes itself through identity-based security enforcement, which filters traffic based on service labels rather than volatile IP addresses. It integrates containerized workloads with external physical or virtual infrastructure using standard routing protocols and supports multi-cluster connectivity by linking independent environments into a unified network fabric. Beyond its core networking capabilities, the project provides comprehensive observability into connectivity patterns and security events across distributed systems. It includes features for transparent network encryption, egress traffic control, and automated IP address management to maintain consistent communication and security policies across large-scale deployments.

Termshark is a terminal-based network packet analyzer and protocol flow inspector. It serves as a keyboard-driven interface for the tshark command-line utility, providing a terminal user interface to monitor data flow and analyze network traffic. The tool functions as a terminal interface for Wireshark, utilizing its filtering and inspection logic to analyze recorded capture files or live network interfaces. It specifically enables the reassembly and inspection of TCP and UDP flows to isolate traffic patterns and analyze network conversations by protocol. The system includes capabilities for packet capture filtering to isolate specific data based on defined criteria and supports exporting selected packet ranges to the system clipboard for external analysis.

This repository provides a structured set of hands-on lab workbooks for learning Microsoft Azure administration. It is designed to guide learners through the practical tasks required to manage core Azure services, covering identity and access management, governance, storage, compute, and networking. The labs focus on key administrative capabilities, including managing user identities and role-based access control within Microsoft Entra ID, enforcing organizational rules with Azure Policy, and deploying and managing virtual machines, container apps, and web apps. The content also covers configuring virtual networks, implementing intersite connectivity, managing network traffic distribution, and setting up monitoring and alerting for Azure resources. Storage administration, backup and disaster recovery, and deploying resources using both ARM templates and Bicep infrastructure-as-code are also addressed through guided exercises. The repository uses a workbook framework to deliver step-by-step technical exercises with pre-configured environments, enabling practical experience with the Azure Resource Manager API, Azure Monitor, and other core platform services.

Scapy is a network packet manipulation tool and protocol analysis suite designed for crafting, sending, sniffing, and dissecting network traffic. It functions as a framework for building custom network tools that interact directly with low-level packet headers and payloads, enabling users to perform security research and network diagnostics. The system distinguishes itself through a layer-based construction model that allows users to define protocols as stacked objects, which automatically handle checksums and field offsets. It utilizes dynamic field reflection to map packet structures to binary data formats and employs a raw socket interface to bypass standard transport layer restrictions for custom packet injection. The platform provides a comprehensive capability set for network security testing, automated scanning, and traffic simulation. It includes a protocol dissection engine that recursively parses binary streams into structured objects, supported by stateful flow tracking to correlate packets into logical sessions. Users can capture and analyze live traffic through a background sniffing loop to troubleshoot communication patterns and verify protocol implementations.

girus-cli is a command-line toolset that functions as a containerized workspace manager, Kubernetes lab orchestrator, and infrastructure template manager. It is used to launch consistent, template-based development environments and initialize local Kubernetes clusters with necessary backend and frontend services. The system manages the distribution and installation of environment configurations from both local and remote repositories. It enables the creation of isolated workspaces for technical practice and skill validation through the use of predefined templates and container technology. The tool includes a dedicated GitHub CLI integration for managing repositories and gists and searching content via the GitHub API. It further supports offline operation through image caching, allowing labs and technical exercises to run without an active internet connection.

This application is a desktop network traffic analyzer that provides real-time monitoring and forensic inspection of data packets. By interfacing directly with low-level system drivers, it captures raw network traffic from physical or virtual adapters to identify communication patterns, track bandwidth usage, and diagnose connectivity issues. The system distinguishes itself through an immediate-mode graphical interface that rebuilds the display state every frame, ensuring high responsiveness during live data updates. It maintains performance by using asynchronous message passing to decouple the packet capture engine from the rendering thread. To provide context for network activity, the application performs real-time enrichment through high-speed database lookups, enabling features like autonomous system identification, host location mapping, and reverse DNS resolution. Beyond basic monitoring, the tool includes comprehensive diagnostic and security capabilities. Users can apply granular traffic filtering, manage alert conditions for specific network events, and utilize automated threat detection to identify and block suspicious connections. The software also supports the recording of traffic data into standard file formats for offline analysis and provides configuration options for operation within isolated containerized environments.

This project is a technical educational guide focused on browser architecture and the internal processes used to render web pages. It provides a detailed breakdown of the web request lifecycle, from the initial networking phase to the final visual output on a screen. The guide covers specific technical sequences including the DNS resolution process across browser, operating system, and ISP caches, and the establishment of secure connections through the TLS handshake. It also details the communication flow between clients and servers using the HTTP protocol and server-side request handling. The material explains the browser rendering pipeline, specifically how HTML and CSS are parsed to construct the Document Object Model and render tree. This includes the process of style resolution, recursive layout calculation, and the final painting of pixels using stacking contexts and layers.

CS-Xmind-Note is a collection of structured mind maps and conceptual diagrams serving as a comprehensive knowledge base for computer science fundamentals. It functions as an academic reference and study guide, organizing core subjects into a visual mapping of interdependent technical concepts. The project utilizes an XMind-compatible schema to model complex domains through hierarchical nodes and relational concept mapping. This approach allows for the visual representation of technical layers, linking hardware specifications to software abstractions. The knowledge base covers several primary academic areas, including computer architecture, operating systems, and computer networking. It also provides detailed references for data structures, database system theory, and information security concepts.

This project is a comprehensive educational curriculum designed to build proficiency across modern infrastructure, cloud-native technologies, and systems administration. It functions as a reference library and interview preparation resource, offering a structured collection of conceptual questions, practical coding challenges, and hands-on scenarios that cover the full spectrum of software delivery and operational workflows. The repository distinguishes itself through a modular, domain-specific structure that links instructional problem statements with verified implementation examples. By employing a standardized documentation schema, it provides a predictable learning path for mastering complex technical concepts, ranging from infrastructure-as-code patterns and container orchestration to cloud platform administration and security best practices. The content spans a wide array of technical domains, including automated configuration management, distributed system monitoring, database operations, and version control. It provides deep dives into specific tooling for cloud provisioning, container networking, and service deployment, ensuring that learners can validate their technical skills through isolated, practical exercises. All instructional materials are organized into a unified taxonomy of markdown-based documents, allowing users to navigate and study specific technical topics at their own pace.