ring-clojure/ring

Features

• Map-Based Request Representations - Represents HTTP traffic as immutable data maps to decouple application logic from specific server implementations.
• Clojure - Provides a functional framework for building web applications in Clojure using immutable data structures.
• HTTP Server Abstractions - Provides a standardized abstraction for HTTP requests and responses that allows handlers to remain portable across different server implementations.
• Higher-Order Function Wrapping - Wraps handlers in higher-order functions to add shared behavior and augment functionality across the application.
• Server Traffic Adapters - Translates raw socket traffic and servlet requests into standardized maps for consumption by application handlers.
• Clojure HTTP Libraries - Represents HTTP requests and responses as immutable data structures for functional web development in Clojure.
• HTTP Handler Adapters - Connects handlers to server implementations via adapters that translate raw traffic into request and response maps.
• HTTP Middleware Pipelines - Implements a middleware framework for composing reusable functional layers to handle cross-cutting concerns like authentication and logging.
• Ordered Middleware Pipelines - Uses a middleware pipeline to wrap request handlers in nested functions for cross-cutting concerns like logging and authentication.
• Rapid Iteration Workflows - Supports dynamic namespace reloading to allow developers to see code changes instantly without restarting the server.
• Servlet Adaptation - Connects application logic to Java or Jakarta servlet containers for deployment on enterprise application servers.
• Servlet Adapters - Translates standardized Clojure request handlers into formats compatible with Java and Jakarta servlet containers.
• Servlet Interface Bridges - Wraps functional handlers in a Java class that implements the servlet specification for deployment in traditional containers.
• Servlet Specification Adapters - Converts request handlers into standard Java or Jakarta Servlets for deployment on compatible application servers.
• WebSocket Protocol Upgrades - Implements the mechanism for upgrading standard HTTP connections to the WebSocket protocol for full-duplex communication.
• WebSocket Connection Management - Manages the lifecycle of bidirectional socket communication and handles the upgrade from HTTP.
• Session Cookie Tracking - Tracks user sessions across requests using cookies and manages temporary data via a short-term flash store.
• Server-Side Session Management - Tracks user identity across multiple HTTP requests by mapping cookie identifiers to server-side data stores.
• Async Response Callbacks - Processes requests using deferred callbacks to prevent thread blocking during long-running operations or I/O.
• Asynchronous Request Processing - Processes requests using callbacks for responses and exceptions to maintain server responsiveness during external I/O.
• Embedded Web Servers - Integrates a lightweight web server directly into the application process to handle HTTP traffic.
• HTTP Header and Cookie Management - Automatically calculates and manages outgoing HTTP headers including content length and cache control.
• Real-Time Communication - Upgrades standard HTTP connections to bidirectional WebSockets for real-time, full-duplex communication.
• Request Body Parsing - Extracts data from query strings, encoded bodies, and multipart requests into structured maps.
• Static Asset Serving - Delivers files and assets from a directory or classpath to clients using appropriate HTTP headers.
• HTTP Clients and Servers - Standard HTTP server abstraction for Clojure.

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